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Chapter 28
Translation and Transliteration of
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1Hashem spoke to Moshe, saying:
va-y'-da-BAYR a-do-NAI el mo-SHEH lay-MOR
אוַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר׃
2Command B'nei Yisrael and say to them: Be punctilious in presenting to Me at stated times the offerings of food due Me, as offerings by fire of pleasing odor to Me.
TSAV et b'-NAY yis-ra-AYL v'-a-mar-TA a-LE-hem et kor-BA-nee l'-kha-MEE l'-i-SHAI ray-AKH nee-KHO-khee tish-m'-RU l'-hak-REEV lee b'-mo-a-DO
בצַ֚ו אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אֶת־קׇרְבָּנִ֨י לַחְמִ֜י לְאִשַּׁ֗י רֵ֚יחַ נִֽיחֹחִ֔י תִּשְׁמְר֕וּ לְהַקְרִ֥יב לִ֖י בְּמוֹעֲדֽוֹ׃
3Say to them: These are the offerings by fire that you are to present to Hashem: As a regular burnt offering every day, two yearling lambs without blemish.
v'-a-mar-TA la-HEM, ZEH ha-i-SHEH a-SHER tak-ree-VU la-a-do-NAI, k'-ba-SEEYM b'-NAY sha-NAH t'-mee-MEYM, sh'-na-YIM la-YOM o-LAH ta-MEED
גוְאָמַרְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֔ם זֶ֚ה הָֽאִשֶּׁ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּקְרִ֖יבוּ לַיהֹוָ֑ה כְּבָשִׂ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֧ה תְמִימִ֛ם שְׁנַ֥יִם לַיּ֖וֹם עֹלָ֥ה תָמִֽיד׃
4You shall offer one lamb in the morning, and the other lamb you shall offer at twilight.
et ha-KE-vesh e-KHAD ta-a-SEH va-BO-ker v'-et ha-KE-vesh ha-SHE-ni ta-a-SEH bein ha-a-r'BA-yim
דאֶת־הַכֶּ֥בֶשׂ אֶחָ֖ד תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה בַבֹּ֑קֶר וְאֵת֙ הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֥ין הָֽעַרְבָּֽיִם׃
5And as a meal offering, there shall be a tenth of an efah of choice flour with a quarter of a hin of beaten oil mixed in
va-a-si-REET ha-EY-fa SOL-et l'-min-KHAH b'-lu-LAH b'-she-MEN ka-TEET r'-vee-AT ha-HEEN
הוַעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָאֵיפָ֛ה סֹ֖לֶת לְמִנְחָ֑ה בְּלוּלָ֛ה בְּשֶׁ֥מֶן כָּתִ֖ית רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין׃
6the regular burnt offering instituted at Har Sinai—an offering by fire of pleasing odor to Hashem.
o-LAT ta-MEED ha-a-su-YAH b'-har si-NAI l'-RAY-akh ni-KHO-akh i-SHEH la-do-NAI
ועֹלַ֖ת תָּמִ֑יד הָעֲשֻׂיָה֙ בְּהַ֣ר סִינַ֔י לְרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַֽיהֹוָֽה׃
7The libation with it shall be a quarter of a hin for each lamb, to be poured in the sacred precinct as an offering of fermented drink to Hashem.
v'-nis-KO r'-vee-AT ha-HEEN la-KE-ves ha-e-KHAD ba-ko-DAYSH ha-SEKH ne-SEKH she-KHAR la-a-do-NAI
זוְנִסְכּוֹ֙ רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד בַּקֹּ֗דֶשׁ הַסֵּ֛ךְ נֶ֥סֶךְ שֵׁכָ֖ר לַיהֹוָֽה׃
8The other lamb you shall offer at twilight, preparing the same meal offering and libation as in the morning—an offering by fire of pleasing odor to Hashem.
v'-et ha-KE-vesh ha-SHE-ni ta-a-SEH bein ha-ar-BA-yim, k'-mi-N'-khat ha-BO-ker u-k'-nis-KO ta-a-SEH, i-SHEH ray-akh ni-KHO-akh la-a-do-NAI. (pey)
חוְאֵת֙ הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֣ין הָֽעַרְבָּ֑יִם כְּמִנְחַ֨ת הַבֹּ֤קֶר וּכְנִסְכּוֹ֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה אִשֵּׁ֛ה רֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהֹוָֽה׃
9On the Shabbat day: two yearling lambs without blemish, together with two-tenths of a measure of choice flour with oil mixed in as a meal offering, and with the proper libation—
uv-YOM ha-sha-BAT sh'-nay kh'-va-SEEM b'-nay sha-NAH t'-mee-MIM u-sh'-NAY es-ro-NEEM SO-let min-KHAH b'-lu-LAH va-SHE-men v'-nis-KO
טוּבְיוֹם֙ הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת שְׁנֵֽי־כְבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה תְּמִימִ֑ם וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת מִנְחָ֛ה בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן וְנִסְכּֽוֹ׃
28:9 On the Shabbat day
Shabbat candles, wine and Challah
Shabbat, the seventh day of the week, is a reminder that God is the creator of the entire world. Just as He created the world in six days and rested on the seventh, we use our creative powers to work for six days, but rest on the seventh. Shabbat also serves as a remembrance of the exodus from Egypt (see Deuteronomy 5:14). Through the miracles associated with the exodus, Hashem demonstrated that He is still very much involved in the world, though He generally works behind the scenes. By keeping the Shabbat, we affirm our belief in Hashem as the Creator who is continuously responsible for everything that happens in the world. The Land of Israel also has a Shabbat of its own, once every seven years. By abandoning the fields during the Sabbatical year and putting our sustenance in the hands of the Lord, we affirm our belief that He is intimately involved in everything that happens in our lives. We owe all of our success to Him, and we believe that He will provide for us, even if we are not working the land.
10a burnt offering for every Shabbat, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its libation.
o-LAT sha-BAT b'-sha-ba-TO al o-LAT ha-ta-MEED v'-nis-KA-ha
יעֹלַ֥ת שַׁבַּ֖ת בְּשַׁבַּתּ֑וֹ עַל־עֹלַ֥ת הַתָּמִ֖יד וְנִסְכָּֽהּ׃
11On your new moons you shall present a burnt offering to Hashem: two bulls of the herd, one ram, and seven yearling lambs, without blemish.
uv-ro-SHAY khod-shay-KHEM tak-REE-vu o-LAH la-do-NAI pa-REEM b'-nay va-KAR sh'-NA-yim v'-A-yil e-KHAD k'-va-SEEM b'-NAY sha-NAH shiv-AH t'-mee-MIM
יאוּבְרָאשֵׁי֙ חׇדְשֵׁיכֶ֔ם תַּקְרִ֥יבוּ עֹלָ֖ה לַיהֹוָ֑ה פָּרִ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־בָקָ֤ר שְׁנַ֙יִם֙ וְאַ֣יִל אֶחָ֔ד כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי־שָׁנָ֛ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה תְּמִימִֽם׃
28:11 On your new moons
Judaism follows a calendar with both lunar and solar components. The months are determined by the cycle of the moon, with the new month beginning when the first sliver of moon reappears in the sky at the beginning of a new lunar cycle. At the same time, though, the Jewish calendar has a solar component. Each of the festivals are supposed to fall out during a specific season in Israel, reflected in the agricultural aspects of the holiday. Pesach must fall out during the springtime as the grain begins to ripen, Shavuot celebrates the wheat harvest and the beginning of the fruit harvest in early summer, and Sukkot is celebrated in the beginning of the autumn, at the end of the harvest season. There is, however, an eleven-day discrepancy between the number of days in twelve lunar months and a solar year. To enable the months to follow the cycle of the moon while also ensuring that the holidays are celebrated in the appropriate seasons, a thirteenth month is added to the year seven times in every nineteen-year cycle.
12As meal offering for each bull: three-tenths of a measure of choice flour with oil mixed in. As meal offering for each ram: two-tenths of a measure of choice flour with oil mixed in.
u-sh'-lo-SHA e-s'-ro-NEEM so-LET min-KHAH b'-lu-LAH ba-SHE-men la-PAR ha-e-KHAD u-sh'-NEI e-s'-ro-NEEM so-LET min-KHAH b'-lu-LAH ba-SHE-men la-a-YIL ha-e-KHAD
יבוּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת מִנְחָה֙ בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔מֶן לַפָּ֖ר הָאֶחָ֑ד וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת מִנְחָה֙ בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔מֶן לָאַ֖יִל הָֽאֶחָֽד׃
13As meal offering for each lamb: a tenth of a measure of fine flour with oil mixed in. Such shall be the burnt offering of pleasing odor, an offering by fire to Hashem.
v'-i-SAR-on i-SAR-on SO-let min-KHAH b'-lu-LAH ba-SHE-men la-KE-ves ha-e-KHAD o-LAH RAY-akh ni-KHO-akh i-SHEH la-a-do-NAI
יגוְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת מִנְחָה֙ בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔מֶן לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד עֹלָה֙ רֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהֹוָֽה׃
14Their libations shall be: half a hin of wine for a bull, a third of a hin for a ram, and a quarter of a hin for a lamb. That shall be the monthly burnt offering for each new moon of the year.
v'-nis-KE-hem kha-TZI ha-HEEN yi-HE-yeh la-PAR u-sh'-lee-SHEET ha-HEEN la-A-YIL u-r'-vee-EET ha-HEEN la-KE-vesh ya-YIN zoht o-LAT kho-DESH b'-kho-de-SHO l'-kho-de-SHE ha-sha-NAH
ידוְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֗ם חֲצִ֣י הַהִין֩ יִהְיֶ֨ה לַפָּ֜ר וּשְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַהִ֣ין לָאַ֗יִל וּרְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֛ין לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ יָ֑יִן זֹ֣את עֹלַ֥ת חֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ בְּחׇדְשׁ֔וֹ לְחׇדְשֵׁ֖י הַשָּׁנָֽה׃
15And there shall be one goat as a sin offering to Hashem, to be offered in addition to the regular burnt offering and its libation.
u-s'-EER i-ZEEM e-KHAD l'-cha-TAT la-a-do-NAI al o-LAT ha-ta-MEED ye-a-SEH v'-nis-KO. (S)
טווּשְׂעִ֨יר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֛ד לְחַטָּ֖את לַיהֹוָ֑ה עַל־עֹלַ֧ת הַתָּמִ֛יד יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה וְנִסְכּֽוֹ׃
16In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, there shall be a Pesach sacrifice to Hashem,
u-va-KHO-desh ha-ree-SHON b'-ar-ba-AH a-SAR YOM la-KHO-desh PE-sakh la-a-do-NAI
טזוּבַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ פֶּ֖סַח לַיהֹוָֽה׃
17and on the fifteenth day of that month a festival. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
u-va-cha-MI-sha a-SAR YO-m la-KHO-desh ha-ZEH KHAG, shiv-AHT ya-MEEM mat-ZOT ye-a-KHEL
יזוּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֖ה חָ֑ג שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים מַצּ֖וֹת יֵאָכֵֽל׃
18The first day shall be a sacred occasion: you shall not work at your occupations.
ba-YOM ha-ri-SHON mik-ra-KO-desh kol me-LE-khet a-vo-DAH lo ta-a-SU
יחבַּיּ֥וֹם הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן מִקְרָא־קֹ֑דֶשׁ כׇּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃
19You shall present an offering by fire, a burnt offering, to Hashem: two bulls of the herd, one ram, and seven yearling lambs—see that they are without blemish.
v'-hi-kra-TEM i-SHEH o-LAH la-a-do-NAI pa-REEM b'-NAY va-KAR sh'-NA-yim v'-a-YIL e-KHAD v'-shiv-AH k'-va-SEEM b'-NAY sha-NAH t'-mee-MEEM yi-h'-YU la-KHEM
יטוְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם אִשֶּׁ֤ה עֹלָה֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה פָּרִ֧ים בְּנֵי־בָקָ֛ר שְׁנַ֖יִם וְאַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד וְשִׁבְעָ֤ה כְבָשִׂים֙ בְּנֵ֣י שָׁנָ֔ה תְּמִימִ֖ם יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶֽם׃
20The meal offering with them shall be of choice flour with oil mixed in: prepare three-tenths of a measure for a bull, two-tenths for a ram;
u-mi-n'-kha-TAM so-LET b'-lu-LAH ba-SHA-men sh'-lo-SHA e-s'-ro-NEEM la-PAR u-sh'-NAY e-s'-ro-NEEM la-a-YIL ta-a-SU
כוּמִ֨נְחָתָ֔ם סֹ֖לֶת בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים לַפָּ֗ר וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים לָאַ֖יִל תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃
21and for each of the seven lambs prepare one-tenth of a measure.
i-SAR-on i-SAR-on ta-a-SEH la-KE-ves ha-e-KHAD l'-shi-VA-at ha-ke-va-SEEM
כאעִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד לְשִׁבְעַ֖ת הַכְּבָשִֽׂים׃
22And there shall be one goat for a sin offering, to make expiation in your behalf.
u-s'-EER kha-TAT e-KHAD l'-ka-PER a-lay-KHEM
כבוּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד לְכַפֵּ֖ר עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
23You shall present these in addition to the morning portion of the regular burnt offering.
mil-LE-vad o-LAT ha-BO-ker a-SHER l'-o-LAT ha-ta-MEED ta-a-SU et e-LEH
כגמִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַבֹּ֔קֶר אֲשֶׁ֖ר לְעֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֑יד תַּעֲשׂ֖וּ אֶת־אֵֽלֶּה׃
24You shall offer the like daily for seven days as food, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to Hashem; they shall be offered, with their libations, in addition to the regular burnt offering.
ka-E-leh ta-a-SU la-YOM shiv-A-ta ya-MEEM le-KHEM i-SHEH ray-ACH ni-KHO-akh la-a-do-NAI al o-LAT ha-ta-MEED ye-a-SEH v'-nis-KO.
כדכָּאֵ֜לֶּה תַּעֲשׂ֤וּ לַיּוֹם֙ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים לֶ֛חֶם אִשֵּׁ֥ה רֵֽיחַ־נִיחֹ֖חַ לַיהֹוָ֑ה עַל־עוֹלַ֧ת הַתָּמִ֛יד יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה וְנִסְכּֽוֹ׃
25And the seventh day shall be a sacred occasion for you: you shall not work at your occupations.
u-va-YOM ha-sh'-vi-EE mi-k'-RA k'-DOSH yi-HEH la-KHEM kol m'-LE-khet a-vo-DAH lo ta-a-SU.
כהוּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִקְרָא־קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם כׇּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃
26On the day of the first fruits, your festival of Shavuot, when you bring an offering of new grain to Hashem, you shall observe a sacred occasion: you shall not work at your occupations.
u-v'-YOM ha-bi-KU-rim b'-ha-k'-ri-V'-khem min-KHA cha-da-SHA la-a-do-NAI b'-sha-vu-o-TE-khem, mik-ra-KO-desh yi-HE-yeh la-KHEM, kol-m'-LE-khet a-vo-DAH lo ta-a-SU.
כווּבְי֣וֹם הַבִּכּוּרִ֗ים בְּהַקְרִ֨יבְכֶ֜ם מִנְחָ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה בְּשָׁבֻעֹ֖תֵיכֶ֑ם מִֽקְרָא־קֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם כׇּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ׃
27You shall present a burnt offering of pleasing odor to Hashem: two bulls of the herd, one ram, seven yearling lambs.
v'-hi-k'ra-TEM o-LAH l'-RAY-akh ni-KHO-akh la-a-do-NAI pa-REEM b'-NAY va-KAR sh'-NA-yim a-YEEL e-KHAD shiv-AH k'-va-SEEM b'-NAY sha-NAH
כזוְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם עוֹלָ֜ה לְרֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה פָּרִ֧ים בְּנֵי־בָקָ֛ר שְׁנַ֖יִם אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד שִׁבְעָ֥ה כְבָשִׂ֖ים בְּנֵ֥י שָׁנָֽה׃
28The meal offering with them shall be of choice flour with oil mixed in, three-tenths of a measure for a bull, two-tenths for a ram,
u-mi-N'cha-TAM so-LET b'-lu-LAH ba-SHA-men sh'-lo-SHA e-s'-ro-NEEM la-PAR ha-e-CHAD sh'-nay e-s'-ro-NEEM la-a-YEEL ha-e-CHAD
כחוּמִ֨נְחָתָ֔ם סֹ֖לֶת בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ לַפָּ֣ר הָֽאֶחָ֔ד שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים לָאַ֖יִל הָאֶחָֽד׃
29and one-tenth for each of the seven lambs.
i-sa-RON i-sa-RON la-KE-ves ha-e-KHAD l'-shi-VA-at ha-ke-va-SEEM
כטעִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד לְשִׁבְעַ֖ת הַכְּבָשִֽׂים׃
30And there shall be one goat for expiation in your behalf.
s'-EER i-ZEEM e-KHAD l'-ka-PER a-LE-khem
לשְׂעִ֥יר עִזִּ֖ים אֶחָ֑ד לְכַפֵּ֖ר עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
31You shall present them—see that they are without blemish—with their libations, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its meal offering.
mil-vaD o-LAT ha-ta-MEED u-min-KHA-to ta-a-SU, t'-mee-MIM yi-h'-yu-la-KHEM v'-nis-KAY-hem.
לאמִלְּבַ֞ד עֹלַ֧ת הַתָּמִ֛יד וּמִנְחָת֖וֹ תַּעֲשׂ֑וּ תְּמִימִ֥ם יִהְיוּ־לָכֶ֖ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽם׃
